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q35: Improve sample configuration files

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Instead of having a single sample configuration file,
we now have several:

  * q35-emulated.cfg documents the default devices QEMU
    adds to a q35 guest and the additional devices that
    are pretty much guaranteed to be present in a
    physical q35-based machine;

  * q35-virtio-graphical.cfg can be used to start a
    fully-featured (USB, graphical console, audio, etc.)
    guest that uses VirtIO instead of emulated devices;

  * q35-virtio-serial.cfg is similar but has a minimal
    set of devices and uses the serial console.

All configuration files are fully commented and neatly
organized.

Signed-off-by: Andrea Bolognani <abologna@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel@redhat.com>
Message-id: 1487326479-8664-2-git-send-email-abologna@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>
This commit is contained in:
Andrea Bolognani 2017-02-17 11:14:38 +01:00 committed by Gerd Hoffmann
parent e7c83a885f
commit 9ca019c1dd
4 changed files with 729 additions and 152 deletions
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152
docs/q35-chipset.cfg
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################################################################
#
# qemu -M q35 creates a bare machine with just the very essential
# chipset devices being present:
#
# 00.0 - Host bridge
# 1f.0 - ISA bridge / LPC
# 1f.2 - SATA (AHCI) controller
# 1f.3 - SMBus controller
#
# This config file documents the other devices and how they are
# created. You can simply use "-readconfig $thisfile" to create
# them all. Here is a overview:
#
# 19.0 - Ethernet controller (not created, our e1000 emulation
# doesn't emulate the ich9 device).
# 1a.* - USB Controller #2 (ehci + uhci companions)
# 1b.0 - HD Audio Controller
# 1c.* - PCI Express Ports
# 1d.* - USB Controller #1 (ehci + uhci companions,
# "qemu -M q35 -usb" creates these too)
# 1e.0 - PCI Bridge
#
[device "ich9-ehci-2"]
driver = "ich9-usb-ehci2"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.7"
[device "ich9-uhci-4"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci4"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.0"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"
firstport = "0"
[device "ich9-uhci-5"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci5"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.1"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"
firstport = "2"
[device "ich9-uhci-6"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci6"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.2"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"
firstport = "4"
[device "ich9-hda-audio"]
driver = "ich9-intel-hda"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1b.0"
[device "ich9-pcie-port-1"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.0"
port = "1"
chassis = "1"
[device "ich9-pcie-port-2"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.1"
port = "2"
chassis = "2"
[device "ich9-pcie-port-3"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.2"
port = "3"
chassis = "3"
[device "ich9-pcie-port-4"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.3"
port = "4"
chassis = "4"
##
# Example PCIe switch with two downstream ports
#
#[device "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1"]
# driver = "x3130-upstream"
# bus = "ich9-pcie-port-4"
# addr = "00.0"
#
#[device "pcie-switch-downstream-port-1-1"]
# driver = "xio3130-downstream"
# multifunction = "on"
# bus = "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1"
# addr = "00.0"
# port = "1"
# chassis = "5"
#
#[device "pcie-switch-downstream-port-1-2"]
# driver = "xio3130-downstream"
# multifunction = "on"
# bus = "pcie-switch-upstream-port-1"
# addr = "00.1"
# port = "1"
# chassis = "6"
[device "ich9-ehci-1"]
driver = "ich9-usb-ehci1"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.7"
[device "ich9-uhci-1"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci1"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.0"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"
firstport = "0"
[device "ich9-uhci-2"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci2"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.1"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"
firstport = "2"
[device "ich9-uhci-3"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci3"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.2"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"
firstport = "4"
[device "ich9-pci-bridge"]
driver = "i82801b11-bridge"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1e.0"

288
docs/q35-emulated.cfg Normal file
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# q35 - Emulated guest (graphical console)
# =========================================================
#
# Usage:
#
# $ qemu-system-x86_64 \
# -nodefaults \
# -readconfig q35-emulated.cfg
#
# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
#
# The guest will have a selection of emulated devices that
# closely resembles that of a physical machine, and will be
# accessed through a graphical console.
#
# ---------------------------------------------------------
#
# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals
# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and
# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add
# further devices.
#
# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:
#
# 00:00.0 Host bridge
# 00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC
# 00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller
# 00:1f.3 SMBus controller
#
# This configuration file adds a number of devices that
# are pretty much guaranteed to be present in every single
# physical machine based on q35, more specifically:
#
# 00:01.0 VGA compatible controller
# 00:19.0 Ethernet controller
# 00:1a.* USB controller (#2)
# 00:1b.0 Audio device
# 00:1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
# 00:1d.* USB Controller (#1)
# 00:1e.0 PCI bridge (legacy PCI bridge)
#
# More information about these devices is available below.
# Machine options
# =========================================================
#
# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration
# for better performance.
#
# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
# to obscure boot issues in some cases.
#
# Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model
# in this file, so it will have to be provided on the
# command line.
[machine]
type = "q35"
accel = "kvm"
[memory]
size = "1024"
# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
# =========================================================
#
# We add four PCI Express Root Ports, all sharing the same
# slot on the PCI Express Root Bus. These ports support
# hotplug.
[device "ich9-pcie-port-1"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.0"
port = "1"
chassis = "1"
[device "ich9-pcie-port-2"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.1"
port = "2"
chassis = "2"
[device "ich9-pcie-port-3"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.2"
port = "3"
chassis = "3"
[device "ich9-pcie-port-4"]
driver = "ioh3420"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.3"
port = "4"
chassis = "4"
# PCI bridge (legacy PCI bridge)
# =========================================================
#
# This bridge can be used to build an independent topology
# for legacy PCI devices. PCI Express devices should be
# plugged into PCI Express slots instead, so ideally there
# will be no devices connected to this bridge.
[device "ich9-pci-bridge"]
driver = "i82801b11-bridge"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1e.0"
# SATA storage
# =========================================================
#
# An implicit SATA controller is created automatically for
# every single q35 guest; here we create a disk, backed by
# a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, and attach
# it to that controller so that the guest can use it.
#
# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully
# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
# all relevant sections below.
[device "sata-disk"]
driver = "ide-hd"
bus = "ide.0"
drive = "disk"
bootindex = "1"
[drive "disk"]
file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME
format = "qcow2"
if = "none"
[device "sata-optical-disk"]
driver = "ide-cd"
bus = "ide.1"
drive = "optical-disk"
bootindex = "2"
[drive "optical-disk"]
file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME
format = "raw"
if = "none"
# USB controller (#1)
# =========================================================
#
# EHCI controller + UHCI companion controllers.
[device "ich9-ehci-1"]
driver = "ich9-usb-ehci1"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.7"
[device "ich9-uhci-1"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci1"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.0"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"
firstport = "0"
[device "ich9-uhci-2"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci2"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.1"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"
firstport = "2"
[device "ich9-uhci-3"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci3"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1d.2"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-1.0"
firstport = "4"
# USB controller (#2)
# =========================================================
#
# EHCI controller + UHCI companion controllers.
[device "ich9-ehci-2"]
driver = "ich9-usb-ehci2"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.7"
[device "ich9-uhci-4"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci4"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.0"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"
firstport = "0"
[device "ich9-uhci-5"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci5"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.1"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"
firstport = "2"
[device "ich9-uhci-6"]
driver = "ich9-usb-uhci6"
multifunction = "on"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1a.2"
masterbus = "ich9-ehci-2.0"
firstport = "4"
# Ethernet controller
# =========================================================
#
# We add a Gigabit Ethernet interface to the guest; on the
# host side, we take advantage of user networking so that
# the QEMU process doesn't require any additional
# privileges.
[netdev "hostnet"]
type = "user"
[device "net"]
driver = "e1000"
netdev = "hostnet"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "19.0"
# VGA compatible controller
# =========================================================
#
# We use stdvga instead of Cirrus as it supports more video
# modes and is closer to what actual hardware looks like.
#
# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially
# headless host, you will probably want to append something
# like
#
# -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0
#
# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from
# creating a graphical display window on the host and
# enable remote access instead.
[device "video"]
driver = "VGA"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "01.0"
# Audio device
# =========================================================
#
# The sound card is a legacy PCI device that is plugged
# directly into the PCI Express Root Bus.
[device "ich9-hda-audio"]
driver = "ich9-intel-hda"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1b.0"
[device "ich9-hda-duplex"]
driver = "hda-duplex"
bus = "ich9-hda-audio.0"
cad = "0"

248
docs/q35-virtio-graphical.cfg Normal file
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# q35 - VirtIO guest (graphical console)
# =========================================================
#
# Usage:
#
# $ qemu-system-x86_64 \
# -nodefaults \
# -readconfig q35-virtio-graphical.cfg
#
# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
#
# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
# and will be accessed through a graphical console.
#
# ---------------------------------------------------------
#
# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals
# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and
# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add
# further devices.
#
# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:
#
# 00:00.0 Host bridge
# 00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC
# 00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller
# 00:1f.3 SMBus controller
#
# This configuration file adds a number of other useful
# devices, more specifically:
#
# 00:01.0 VGA compatible controller
# 00:1b.0 Audio device
# 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
# 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
# 02:00.0 Ethernet controller
# 03:00.0 USB controller
#
# More information about these devices is available below.
# Machine options
# =========================================================
#
# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration
# for better performance.
#
# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
# to obscure boot issues in some cases.
[machine]
type = "q35"
accel = "kvm"
[memory]
size = "1024"
# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
# =========================================================
#
# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
# available for hotplug.
[device "pcie.1"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.0"
port = "1"
chassis = "1"
multifunction = "on"
[device "pcie.2"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.1"
port = "2"
chassis = "2"
[device "pcie.3"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.2"
port = "3"
chassis = "3"
[device "pcie.4"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.3"
port = "4"
chassis = "4"
[device "pcie.5"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.4"
port = "5"
chassis = "5"
[device "pcie.6"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.5"
port = "6"
chassis = "6"
[device "pcie.7"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.6"
port = "7"
chassis = "7"
[device "pcie.8"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.7"
port = "8"
chassis = "8"
# SCSI storage controller (and storage)
# =========================================================
#
# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
# attached to it.
#
# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully
# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
# all relevant sections below.
[device "scsi"]
driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
bus = "pcie.1"
addr = "00.0"
[device "scsi-disk"]
driver = "scsi-hd"
bus = "scsi.0"
drive = "disk"
bootindex = "1"
[drive "disk"]
file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME
format = "qcow2"
if = "none"
[device "scsi-optical-disk"]
driver = "scsi-cd"
bus = "scsi.0"
drive = "optical-disk"
bootindex = "2"
[drive "optical-disk"]
file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME
format = "raw"
if = "none"
# Ethernet controller
# =========================================================
#
# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
# additional privileges.
[netdev "hostnet"]
type = "user"
[device "net"]
driver = "virtio-net-pci"
netdev = "hostnet"
bus = "pcie.2"
addr = "00.0"
# USB controller (and input devices)
# =========================================================
#
# We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and
# a USB tablet so that graphical guests can be controlled
# appropriately. A USB keyboard is not needed, as q35
# guests get a PS/2 one added automatically.
[device "usb"]
driver = "nec-usb-xhci"
bus = "pcie.3"
addr = "00.0"
[device "tablet"]
driver = "usb-tablet"
bus = "usb.0"
# VGA compatible controller
# =========================================================
#
# We plug the QXL video card directly into the PCI Express
# Root Bus as it is a legacy PCI device; this way, we can
# reduce the number of PCI Express controllers in the
# guest.
#
# If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially
# headless host, you will probably want to append something
# like
#
# -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0
#
# to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from
# creating a graphical display window on the host and
# enable remote access instead.
[device "video"]
driver = "qxl-vga"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "01.0"
# Audio device
# =========================================================
#
# Like the video card, the sound card is a legacy PCI
# device and as such can be plugged directly into the PCI
# Express Root Bus.
[device "sound"]
driver = "ich9-intel-hda"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1b.0"
[device "duplex"]
driver = "hda-duplex"
bus = "sound.0"
cad = "0"

193
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# q35 - VirtIO guest (serial console)
# =========================================================
#
# Usage:
#
# $ qemu-system-x86_64 \
# -nodefaults \
# -readconfig q35-virtio-serial.cfg \
# -display none -serial mon:stdio
#
# You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
# CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
#
# The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
# tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
# and will be accessed through the serial console.
#
# ---------------------------------------------------------
#
# Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
# the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
# populate the board with only the builtin peripherals
# plus a small selection of core PCI devices and
# controllers; the user will then have to explicitly add
# further devices.
#
# The core PCI devices show up in the guest as:
#
# 00:00.0 Host bridge
# 00:1f.0 ISA bridge / LPC
# 00:1f.2 SATA (AHCI) controller
# 00:1f.3 SMBus controller
#
# This configuration file adds a number of other useful
# devices, more specifically:
#
# 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
# 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
# 02:00.0 Ethernet controller
#
# More information about these devices is available below.
#
# We use '-display none' to prevent QEMU from creating a
# graphical display window, which would serve no use in
# this specific configuration, and '-serial mon:stdio' to
# multiplex the guest's serial console and the QEMU monitor
# to the host's stdio; use 'Ctrl+A h' to learn how to
# switch between the two and more.
# Machine options
# =========================================================
#
# We use the q35 machine type and enable KVM acceleration
# for better performance.
#
# Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
# yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
# to obscure boot issues in some cases.
[machine]
type = "q35"
accel = "kvm"
[memory]
size = "1024"
# PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
# =========================================================
#
# We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
# all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
# them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
# available for hotplug.
[device "pcie.1"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.0"
port = "1"
chassis = "1"
multifunction = "on"
[device "pcie.2"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.1"
port = "2"
chassis = "2"
[device "pcie.3"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.2"
port = "3"
chassis = "3"
[device "pcie.4"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.3"
port = "4"
chassis = "4"
[device "pcie.5"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.4"
port = "5"
chassis = "5"
[device "pcie.6"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.5"
port = "6"
chassis = "6"
[device "pcie.7"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.6"
port = "7"
chassis = "7"
[device "pcie.8"]
driver = "pcie-root-port"
bus = "pcie.0"
addr = "1c.7"
port = "8"
chassis = "8"
# SCSI storage controller (and storage)
# =========================================================
#
# We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
# number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
# backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
# attached to it.
#
# We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
# purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully
# installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
# media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
# optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
# all relevant sections below.
[device "scsi"]
driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
bus = "pcie.1"
addr = "00.0"
[device "scsi-disk"]
driver = "scsi-hd"
bus = "scsi.0"
drive = "disk"
bootindex = "1"
[drive "disk"]
file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME
format = "qcow2"
if = "none"
[device "scsi-optical-disk"]
driver = "scsi-cd"
bus = "scsi.0"
drive = "optical-disk"
bootindex = "2"
[drive "optical-disk"]
file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME
format = "raw"
if = "none"
# Ethernet controller
# =========================================================
#
# We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
# hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
# networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
# additional privileges.
[netdev "hostnet"]
type = "user"
[device "net"]
driver = "virtio-net-pci"
netdev = "hostnet"
bus = "pcie.2"
addr = "00.0"