{% extends "layout.html" %} {% set title = 'scikit-learn: machine learning in Python' %} {% if is_devrelease|tobool %} {%- set contributing_link = pathto("developers/contributing") %} {%- set contributing_attrs = "" %} {%- else %} {%- set contributing_link = "https://scikit-learn.org/dev/developers/contributing.html" %} {%- set contributing_attrs = 'target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"' %} {%- endif %} {%- import "static/webpack-macros.html" as _webpack with context %} {% block docs_navbar %} {{ super() }} <div class="container-fluid sk-landing-top-bar py-4"> <div class="container sk-landing-container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 mb-3 mb-md-0"> <h1 class="sk-landing-header font-monospace">scikit-learn</h1> <h4 class="sk-landing-subheader fst-italic mb-3">Machine Learning in Python</h4> <a class="btn sk-btn-orange mb-1" href="{{ pathto('getting_started') }}" role="button">Getting Started</a> <a class="btn sk-btn-orange mb-1" href="{{ pathto(release_highlights) }}" role="button">Release Highlights for {{ release_highlights_version }}</a> </div> <div class="col-md-6 d-flex"> <ul class="sk-landing-header-body"> <li>Simple and efficient tools for predictive data analysis</li> <li>Accessible to everybody, and reusable in various contexts</li> <li>Built on NumPy, SciPy, and matplotlib</li> <li>Open source, commercially usable - BSD license</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> {% endblock docs_navbar %} {% block docs_main %} <div class="container sk-landing-container pt-3 sk-landing-body" role="main"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <!-- Classification --> <div class="col-md-4 mb-3 px-md-2 sk-px-xl-4"> <div class="card h-100" sk-align-group="1"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="sk-card-title card-title sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="title"> <a href="supervised_learning.html">Classification</a> </h4> <p class="sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="desc">Identifying which category an object belongs to.</p> <p> <strong>Applications:</strong> Spam detection, image recognition.</br> <strong>Algorithms:</strong> <a href="modules/ensemble.html#histogram-based-gradient-boosting">Gradient boosting</a>, <a href="modules/neighbors.html#classification">nearest neighbors</a>, <a href="modules/ensemble.html#forest">random forest</a>, <a href="modules/linear_model.html#logistic-regression">logistic regression</a>, and <a href="supervised_learning.html">more...</a> </p> </div> <div class="sk-card-img-container overflow-hidden mx-2 flex-fill"> <a href="auto_examples/classification/plot_classifier_comparison.html" aria-label="Classification"> <img src="_images/sphx_glr_plot_classifier_comparison_001_carousel.png" alt="Classifier comparison"> </a> </div> <a href="auto_examples/classification/index.html" class="sk-btn-cyan btn" role="button">Examples</a> </div> </div> <!-- Regression --> <div class="col-md-4 mb-3 px-md-2 sk-px-xl-4"> <div class="card h-100" sk-align-group="1"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="sk-card-title card-title sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="title"> <a href="supervised_learning.html">Regression</a> </h4> <p class="sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="desc">Predicting a continuous-valued attribute associated with an object.</p> <p> <strong>Applications:</strong> Drug response, stock prices.</br> <strong>Algorithms:</strong> <a href="modules/ensemble.html#histogram-based-gradient-boosting">Gradient boosting</a>, <a href="modules/neighbors.html#regression">nearest neighbors</a>, <a href="modules/ensemble.html#forest">random forest</a>, <a href="modules/linear_model.html#ridge-regression-and-classification">ridge</a>, and <a href="supervised_learning.html">more...</a> </p> </div> <div class="sk-card-img-container overflow-hidden mx-2 flex-fill"> <a href="auto_examples/ensemble/plot_hgbt_regression.html" aria-label="Regression"> <img src="_images/sphx_glr_plot_hgbt_regression_002.png" alt="Decision Tree Regression with HGBT"> </a> </div> <a href="auto_examples/index.html" class="sk-btn-cyan btn" role="button">Examples</a> </div> </div> <!-- Clustering --> <div class="col-md-4 mb-3 px-md-2 sk-px-xl-4"> <div class="card h-100" sk-align-group="1"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="sk-card-title card-title sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="title"> <a href="modules/clustering.html">Clustering</a> </h4> <p class="sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="desc">Automatic grouping of similar objects into sets.</p> <p> <strong>Applications:</strong> Customer segmentation, grouping experiment outcomes.</br> <strong>Algorithms:</strong> <a href="modules/clustering.html#k-means">k-Means</a>, <a href="modules/clustering.html#hdbscan">HDBSCAN</a>, <a href="modules/clustering.html#hierarchical-clustering">hierarchical clustering</a>, and <a href="modules/clustering.html">more...</a> </p> </div> <div class="sk-card-img-container overflow-hidden mx-2 flex-fill"> <a href="auto_examples/cluster/plot_kmeans_digits.html" aria-label="Clustering"> <img src="_images/sphx_glr_plot_kmeans_digits_thumb.png" alt="A demo of K-Means clustering on the handwritten digits data"> </a> </div> <a href="auto_examples/cluster/index.html" class="sk-btn-cyan btn" role="button">Examples</a> </div> </div> <!-- Dimensionality reduction --> <div class="col-md-4 mb-3 px-md-2 sk-px-xl-4"> <div class="card h-100" sk-align-group="2"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="sk-card-title card-title sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="title"> <a href="modules/decomposition.html">Dimensionality reduction</a> </h4> <p class="sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="desc">Reducing the number of random variables to consider.</p> <p> <strong>Applications:</strong> Visualization, increased efficiency.</br> <strong>Algorithms:</strong> <a href="modules/decomposition.html#pca">PCA</a>, <a href="modules/feature_selection.html#feature-selection">feature selection</a>, <a href="modules/decomposition.html#nmf">non-negative matrix factorization</a>, and <a href="modules/decomposition.html">more...</a> </p> </div> <div class="sk-card-img-container overflow-hidden mx-2 flex-fill"> <a href="auto_examples/decomposition/plot_pca_iris.html" aria-label="Dimensionality reduction"> <img src="_images/sphx_glr_plot_pca_iris_thumb.png" alt="PCA example with Iris Data-set"> </a> </div> <a href="auto_examples/decomposition/index.html" class="sk-btn-cyan btn" role="button">Examples</a> </div> </div> <!-- Model selection --> <div class="col-md-4 mb-3 px-md-2 sk-px-xl-4"> <div class="card h-100" sk-align-group="2"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="sk-card-title card-title sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="title"> <a href="model_selection.html">Model selection</a> </h4> <p class="sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="desc">Comparing, validating and choosing parameters and models.</p> <p> <strong>Applications:</strong> Improved accuracy via parameter tuning.</br> <strong>Algorithms:</strong> <a href="modules/grid_search.html">Grid search</a>, <a href="modules/cross_validation.html">cross validation</a>, <a href="modules/model_evaluation.html">metrics</a>, and <a href="model_selection.html">more...</a> </p> </div> <div class="sk-card-img-container overflow-hidden mx-2 flex-fill"> <a href="auto_examples/model_selection/plot_multi_metric_evaluation.html" aria-label="Model selection"> <img src="_images/sphx_glr_plot_multi_metric_evaluation_thumb.png" alt="Demonstration of multi-metric evaluation on cross_val_score and GridSearchCV"> </a> </div> <a href="auto_examples/model_selection/index.html" class="sk-btn-cyan btn" role="button">Examples</a> </div> </div> <!-- Preprocessing --> <div class="col-md-4 mb-3 px-md-2 sk-px-xl-4"> <div class="card h-100" sk-align-group="2"> <div class="card-body"> <h4 class="sk-card-title card-title sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="title"> <a href="modules/preprocessing.html">Preprocessing</a> </h4> <p class="sk-vert-align" sk-align-name="desc">Feature extraction and normalization.</p> <p> <strong>Applications:</strong> Transforming input data such as text for use with machine learning algorithms.</br> <strong>Algorithms:</strong> <a href="modules/preprocessing.html">Preprocessing</a>, <a href="modules/feature_extraction.html">feature extraction</a>, and <a href="modules/preprocessing.html">more...</a> </p> </div> <div class="sk-card-img-container overflow-hidden mx-2 flex-fill"> <a href="auto_examples/preprocessing/plot_discretization_strategies.html" aria-label="Preprocessing"> <img src="_images/sphx_glr_plot_discretization_strategies_thumb.png" alt="Demonstrating the different strategies of KBinsDiscretizer"> </a> </div> <a href="auto_examples/preprocessing/index.html" class="sk-btn-cyan btn" role="button">Examples</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> {% endblock docs_main %} {% block footer %} <div class="container-fluid sk-landing-more-info py-3"> <div class="container sk-landing-container bd-page-width"> <div class="row"> <!-- News --> <div class="col-md-4"> <h4 class="sk-landing-call-header">News</h4> <ul class="sk-landing-call-list list-unstyled"> <li><strong>On-going 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