 edab56321a
			
		
	
	
		edab56321a
		
	
	
	
	
		
			
			Signed-off-by: Marcel Apfelbaum <marcel@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Yuval Shaia <yuval.shaia@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Shamir Rabinovitch <shamir.rabinovitch@oracle.com>
		
			
				
	
	
		
			256 lines
		
	
	
		
			9.3 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Plaintext
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			256 lines
		
	
	
		
			9.3 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Plaintext
		
	
	
	
	
	
| Paravirtualized RDMA Device (PVRDMA)
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| ====================================
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| 
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| 
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| 1. Description
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| ===============
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| PVRDMA is the QEMU implementation of VMware's paravirtualized RDMA device.
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| It works with its Linux Kernel driver AS IS, no need for any special guest
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| modifications.
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| 
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| While it complies with the VMware device, it can also communicate with bare
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| metal RDMA-enabled machines and does not require an RDMA HCA in the host, it
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| can work with Soft-RoCE (rxe).
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| 
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| It does not require the whole guest RAM to be pinned allowing memory
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| over-commit and, even if not implemented yet, migration support will be
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| possible with some HW assistance.
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| 
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| A project presentation accompany this document:
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| - http://events.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/lpc-2017-pvrdma-marcel-apfelbaum-yuval-shaia.pdf
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| 
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| 
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| 
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| 2. Setup
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| ========
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| 
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| 
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| 2.1 Guest setup
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| ===============
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| Fedora 27+ kernels work out of the box, older distributions
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| require updating the kernel to 4.14 to include the pvrdma driver.
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| 
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| However the libpvrdma library needed by User Level Software is still
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| not available as part of the distributions, so the rdma-core library
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| needs to be compiled and optionally installed.
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| 
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| Please follow the instructions at:
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|   https://github.com/linux-rdma/rdma-core.git
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| 
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| 
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| 2.2 Host Setup
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| ==============
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| The pvrdma backend is an ibdevice interface that can be exposed
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| either by a Soft-RoCE(rxe) device on machines with no RDMA device,
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| or an HCA SRIOV function(VF/PF).
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| Note that ibdevice interfaces can't be shared between pvrdma devices,
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| each one requiring a separate instance (rxe or SRIOV VF).
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| 
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| 
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| 2.2.1 Soft-RoCE backend(rxe)
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| ===========================
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| A stable version of rxe is required, Fedora 27+ or a Linux
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| Kernel 4.14+ is preferred.
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| 
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| The rdma_rxe module is part of the Linux Kernel but not loaded by default.
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| Install the User Level library (librxe) following the instructions from:
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| https://github.com/SoftRoCE/rxe-dev/wiki/rxe-dev:-Home
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| 
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| Associate an ETH interface with rxe by running:
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|    rxe_cfg add eth0
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| An rxe0 ibdevice interface will be created and can be used as pvrdma backend.
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| 
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| 
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| 2.2.2 RDMA device Virtual Function backend
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| ==========================================
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| Nothing special is required, the pvrdma device can work not only with
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| Ethernet Links, but also Infinibands Links.
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| All is needed is an ibdevice with an active port, for Mellanox cards
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| will be something like mlx5_6 which can be the backend.
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| 
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| 
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| 2.2.3 QEMU setup
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| ================
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| Configure QEMU with --enable-rdma flag, installing
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| the required RDMA libraries.
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| 
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| 
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| 
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| 3. Usage
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| ========
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| Currently the device is working only with memory backed RAM
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| and it must be mark as "shared":
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|    -m 1G \
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|    -object memory-backend-ram,id=mb1,size=1G,share \
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|    -numa node,memdev=mb1 \
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| 
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| The pvrdma device is composed of two functions:
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|  - Function 0 is a vmxnet Ethernet Device which is redundant in Guest
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|    but is required to pass the ibdevice GID using its MAC.
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|    Examples:
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|      For an rxe backend using eth0 interface it will use its mac:
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|        -device vmxnet3,addr=<slot>.0,multifunction=on,mac=<eth0 MAC>
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|      For an SRIOV VF, we take the Ethernet Interface exposed by it:
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|        -device vmxnet3,multifunction=on,mac=<RoCE eth MAC>
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|  - Function 1 is the actual device:
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|        -device pvrdma,addr=<slot>.1,backend-dev=<ibdevice>,backend-gid-idx=<gid>,backend-port=<port>
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|    where the ibdevice can be rxe or RDMA VF (e.g. mlx5_4)
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|  Note: Pay special attention that the GID at backend-gid-idx matches vmxnet's MAC.
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|  The rules of conversion are part of the RoCE spec, but since manual conversion
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|  is not required, spotting problems is not hard:
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|     Example: GID: fe80:0000:0000:0000:7efe:90ff:fecb:743a
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|              MAC: 7c:fe:90:cb:74:3a
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|     Note the difference between the first byte of the MAC and the GID.
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| 
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| 
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| 
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| 4. Implementation details
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| =========================
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| 
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| 
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| 4.1 Overview
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| ============
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| The device acts like a proxy between the Guest Driver and the host
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| ibdevice interface.
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| On configuration path:
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|  - For every hardware resource request (PD/QP/CQ/...) the pvrdma will request
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|    a resource from the backend interface, maintaining a 1-1 mapping
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|    between the guest and host.
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| On data path:
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|  - Every post_send/receive received from the guest will be converted into
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|    a post_send/receive for the backend. The buffers data will not be touched
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|    or copied resulting in near bare-metal performance for large enough buffers.
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|  - Completions from the backend interface will result in completions for
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|    the pvrdma device.
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| 
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| 
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| 4.2 PCI BARs
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| ============
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| PCI Bars:
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| 	BAR 0 - MSI-X
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|         MSI-X vectors:
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| 		(0) Command - used when execution of a command is completed.
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| 		(1) Async - not in use.
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| 		(2) Completion - used when a completion event is placed in
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| 		  device's CQ ring.
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| 	BAR 1 - Registers
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|         --------------------------------------------------------
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|         | VERSION |  DSR | CTL | REQ | ERR |  ICR | IMR  | MAC |
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|         --------------------------------------------------------
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| 		DSR - Address of driver/device shared memory used
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|               for the command channel, used for passing:
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| 			    - General info such as driver version
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| 			    - Address of 'command' and 'response'
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| 			    - Address of async ring
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| 			    - Address of device's CQ ring
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| 			    - Device capabilities
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| 		CTL - Device control operations (activate, reset etc)
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| 		IMG - Set interrupt mask
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| 		REQ - Command execution register
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| 		ERR - Operation status
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| 
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| 	BAR 2 - UAR
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|         ---------------------------------------------------------
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|         | QP_NUM  | SEND/RECV Flag ||  CQ_NUM |   ARM/POLL Flag |
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|         ---------------------------------------------------------
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| 		- Offset 0 used for QP operations (send and recv)
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| 		- Offset 4 used for CQ operations (arm and poll)
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| 
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| 
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| 4.3 Major flows
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| ===============
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| 
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| 4.3.1 Create CQ
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| ===============
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|     - Guest driver
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|         - Allocates pages for CQ ring
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|         - Creates page directory (pdir) to hold CQ ring's pages
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|         - Initializes CQ ring
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|         - Initializes 'Create CQ' command object (cqe, pdir etc)
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|         - Copies the command to 'command' address
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|         - Writes 0 into REQ register
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|     - Device
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|         - Reads the request object from the 'command' address
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|         - Allocates CQ object and initialize CQ ring based on pdir
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|         - Creates the backend CQ
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|         - Writes operation status to ERR register
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|         - Posts command-interrupt to guest
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|     - Guest driver
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|         - Reads the HW response code from ERR register
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| 
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| 4.3.2 Create QP
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| ===============
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|     - Guest driver
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|         - Allocates pages for send and receive rings
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|         - Creates page directory(pdir) to hold the ring's pages
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|         - Initializes 'Create QP' command object (max_send_wr,
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|           send_cq_handle, recv_cq_handle, pdir etc)
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|         - Copies the object to 'command' address
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|         - Write 0 into REQ register
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|     - Device
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|         - Reads the request object from 'command' address
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|         - Allocates the QP object and initialize
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|             - Send and recv rings based on pdir
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|             - Send and recv ring state
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|         - Creates the backend QP
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|         - Writes the operation status to ERR register
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|         - Posts command-interrupt to guest
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|     - Guest driver
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|         - Reads the HW response code from ERR register
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| 
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| 4.3.3 Post receive
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| ==================
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|     - Guest driver
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|         - Initializes a wqe and place it on recv ring
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|         - Write to qpn|qp_recv_bit (31) to QP offset in UAR
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|     - Device
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|         - Extracts qpn from UAR
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|         - Walks through the ring and does the following for each wqe
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|             - Prepares the backend CQE context to be used when
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|               receiving completion from backend (wr_id, op_code, emu_cq_num)
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|             - For each sge prepares backend sge
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|             - Calls backend's post_recv
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| 
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| 4.3.4 Process backend events
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| ============================
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|     - Done by a dedicated thread used to process backend events;
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|       at initialization is attached to the device and creates
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|       the communication channel.
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|     - Thread main loop:
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|         - Polls for completions
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|         - Extracts QEMU _cq_num, wr_id and op_code from context
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|         - Writes CQE to CQ ring
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|         - Writes CQ number to device CQ
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|         - Sends completion-interrupt to guest
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|         - Deallocates context
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|         - Acks the event to backend
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| 
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| 
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| 
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| 5. Limitations
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| ==============
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| - The device obviously is limited by the Guest Linux Driver features implementation
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|   of the VMware device API.
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| - Memory registration mechanism requires mremap for every page in the buffer in order
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|   to map it to a contiguous virtual address range. Since this is not the data path
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|   it should not matter much. If the default max mr size is increased, be aware that
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|   memory registration can take up to 0.5 seconds for 1GB of memory.
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| - The device requires target page size to be the same as the host page size,
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|   otherwise it will fail to init.
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| - QEMU cannot map guest RAM from a file descriptor if a pvrdma device is attached,
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|   so it can't work with huge pages. The limitation will be addressed in the future,
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|   however QEMU allocates Guest RAM with MADV_HUGEPAGE so if there are enough huge
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|   pages available, QEMU will use them. QEMU will fail to init if the requirements
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|   are not met.
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| 
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| 
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| 
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| 6. Performance
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| ==============
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| By design the pvrdma device exits on each post-send/receive, so for small buffers
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| the performance is affected; however for medium buffers it will became close to
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| bare metal and from 1MB buffers and  up it reaches bare metal performance.
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| (tested with 2 VMs, the pvrdma devices connected to 2 VFs of the same device)
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| 
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| All the above assumes no memory registration is done on data path.
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